Introduction to Well Logs and Subsurface Maps ebooks is available to be downloaded here now.
- Title: Introduction to Well Logs and Subsurface Maps
- Author: Jonathan C. Evenick
- Publisher: Pennwell
- Pages: 256
This book introduces different types of geophysical logs and subsurface maps that can be generated from basic well data, and subsurface problems that can be solved using geophysical logs and subsurface maps. “Hands-on” exercises will reveal how each map type is generated and what applications they may have. The exercises at the end of each chapter will introduce different types of wells and lithologies; please refer to chapter 2 until you become more comfortable with each log type and what it measures.
Subsurface mapping is a way to visualize various geologic and hydrologic features in any dimension from a 1-D cross section to a 4-D production map. All subsurface map types can be useful, but the key is to know what you are investigating and what map types are most appropriate. For example, to evaluate facies changes, a 2-D structure contour map may not be as helpful as a simple cross section. Most subsurface maps and data are digitally constructed, manipulated, and interpreted by geologists using advanced computer contouring algorithms and software packages. Given the size of datasets and inherent complexities in subsurface mapping, it is necessary to use computers to analyze and visualize data.
It is, however, fundamentally important to understand what different maps represent in the subsurface and in three dimensions. Computers are capable of generating excellent maps and cross sections, but an experienced geologist with solid background can produce superior hand-drawn maps. Subsurface mapping and interpreting geophysical logs are non-unique arts. There can be several plausible solutions, but none of them have to be the correct answer. Keep in mind that a map is never complete and new data will always alter it and possibly an inferred geological paradigm. Good luck with the exercises and keep an open mind.